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QLED vs. OLED: Which TV tech should you buy?

Samsung's QLED and LG's OLED televisions may sound similar, but they're different in key ways. Here's everything you need to know.

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QLED versus OLED TV
Sarah Tew/CNET

In 2021, the high-end TV landscape is just as confusing to new buyers as ever. There's abunch of new televisions词听起来考虑,大量的技术化特征--8K,HDR,Ultra HD 4K,120HzandHDMI 2.1-- and a stable of familiar brand names competing for your dollar. Two of the biggest, Samsung and LG, use similar-sounding terms to describe theirbest TVs, but Samsung's QLED and LG's OLED are as different as day and night.

For the last few years, Samsung, themost popular TV-maker in the world, has been branding its TVs "QLED." Its 2021 QLED lineup is massive, withNeo QLEDmodels in 4K and 8K resolution,The Frame art TV,Serifand theSero rotating TVall bearing the ubiquitous Q. Meanwhile, LG's2021 OLED TVsinclude six series, from the relatively affordable A1 to the wildly expensive 8K Z1 to, yes, a model thatrolls up like a poster.

The OLED-versus-QLED battle goes beyond Samsung and LG.TCL also brands its best TVs "QLED"and other brands beyond LG also sell OLED TVs, namelySonyandVizio.

So which one is better? In ourside-by-side comparison reviewsof picture quality,OLED beats QLED every time. The latest example came when we compared the best 2021 LG OLED TV --the LG G1 series-- against the best 2021 Samsung QLED TV --the QN90A series. The Samsung came closer than ever to OLED picture quality, but the LG OLED still won. Here's why.

Now playing:Watch this:Samsung QN90A Neo QLED TV: Brighter than OLED, but is...
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QLED vs. OLED: Quick summary of the two TV technologies

Let's start with a quick summary of the two technologies.

  • OLEDstands for "organic light emitting diode."
  • QLED(according to Samsung) stands for "quantum dotLEDTV."
  • OLEDis a fundamentally different technology from LCD, the major type of TV today.
  • QLEDis a variation of LED LCD, adding a quantum dot film to the LCD "sandwich."
  • OLEDis "emissive," meaning the pixels emit their own light.
  • QLED, like LCD, is, in its current form, "transmissive" and relies on an LED backlight.

A QLED TV is just an LCD TV with quantum dots

The main takeaway is that QLED is closer toregular old LCD than it is to OLED, which I (and most other experts) consider a distinctly different class of television, much likeplasma was before it.

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Quantum dotsare microscopic molecules that, when hit by light, emit their own, differently colored light. In QLED TVs, the dots are contained in a film, and the light that hits them is provided by an LED backlight. That light then travels through a few other layers inside the TV, including a liquid crystal (LCD) layer, to create the picture. The light from the LED source is transmitted through the layers to the screen's surface, which is why we say it's "transmissive."

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A look at the "sandwich" of layers in an LCD TV, where an LED backlight shines through a quantum dot layer (among others) and on to the LCD panel itself.

Josh Miller/CNET

Samsung has been using quantum dots to augment its LCD TVssince 2015and debuted theQLED TV branding in 2017. Samsung says those quantum dots have evolved over time -- that color and light output have improved, for example. In my experience however, improvements caused by better quantum dots are much less evident than those caused by other image quality factors (see below).

Other TV makers also use quantum dots in LCD TVs, includingVizioand Hisense, but don't call them QLED TVs.

An OLED TV is not an LCD TV at all

LCD is the dominant technology in flat-panel TVs and has been for a long time. It's cheaper than OLED, especially in larger sizes, and numerous panel makers worldwide, including LG itself, can manufacture it.

LG OLEDC8P series

OLED电视不need LED backlights so, in addition to image quality benefits, they can get amazingly thin.

Sarah Tew/CNET

OLED是不同的,因为它不使用LED英航cklight to produce light. Instead, light is produced by millions of individual OLED subpixels. The pixels themselves -- tiny dots that compose the image -- emit light, which is why it's called an "emissive" display technology. That difference leads to all kinds of picture quality effects, some of which favor LCD (and QLED), but most of which benefit OLED.

Aside from the US brands mentioned above, Panasonic, Philips,Grundigand others sell OLED TVs in Europe. All use panels manufactured byLG Display, however.

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QLED vs. OLED: Image quality compared

Based on my reviews, here are some general comparisons I've made between the two.

QLED TV picture quality varies more than OLED

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Brett Pearce/CNET

Samsung and TCL each have multiple QLED series and the most expensive perform a lot better than the cheaper ones. That's mainly because the biggest improvements in the picture quality of QLED sets don't have much to do with quantum dots. Instead they're the result ofmini-LED backlights,better full-array local dimming, bright highlights and better viewing angles, which help them outperform QLED (and non-QLED) TVs that lack those extras.

Meanwhile, every OLED TV I've reviewed has very similar image quality -- all have earned a 10/10 in picture quality in my tests. There's some variation among different OLED TVs, but they're not nearly as significant as the differences between various QLED TV series.

OLED has better contrast and black level

One of the most important image quality factors is black level, and their emissive nature means OLED TVs can turn unused pixels off completely, for literallyinfinite contrast. QLED/LCD TVs, even the best ones with the most effective full-arraylocal dimming, let some light through, leading to more washed-out, grayer black levels and blooming around bright sections.

QLED is brighter

The brightest QLED and LCD TVs can get brighter than any OLED model, which is a particular advantage in bright rooms and withHDR content. In my tests, however, OLED TVs can still get plenty bright for most rooms, and their superior contrast still allows them to deliver a better overall HDR image than any QLED/LCD TV I've tested.

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Sarah Tew/CNET

OLED has better uniformity and viewing angles

With LCD-based displays, different areas of the screen can appear brighter than others all the time, and backlight structure can also be seen in some content. Even the best LCDs also fade, lose contrast and become discolored when seen from seats other than the sweet spot directly in front of the screen. OLED TVs have almost perfectly uniform screens and maintain fidelity from all but the most extreme angles.

Resolution, color, video processing and other image quality factors are basically the same

Most QLED and OLED have the sameresolution and 4K, and both can achieve8K resolutiontoo. Neither technology has major inherent advantages in color or video processing areas. Check outOLED vs. LCDfor more details.

QLED can get bigger and smaller (and cheaper)

LG Signature OLED 8K

LG's 88-inch 8K OLED TV costs $30,000.

Sarah Tew/CNET

While LG will make an 83-inch television available for sale later in 2021, there are only five sizes of OLED TV on the market today.

OLED TV sizes

  • 48-inch
  • 55-inch
  • 65-inch
  • 77-inch
  • 88-inch

Meanwhile, as QLED TVs are LCDs they are able to be made in a much greater range of sizes. Non-QLED LCD TVs can get even smaller.

QLED TV sizes

  • 32-inch
  • 43-inch
  • 50英寸
  • 55-inch
  • 58-inch
  • 65-inch
  • 75-inch
  • 82-inch
  • 85-inch
  • 98-inch

One big advantage, so to speak, that QLED and LCD have over OLED is the cost of mainstream sizes over 65 inches. Large televisions are thefastest-growing segment of the marketand show no signs of slowing down. 77-inch OLED TVs cost $3,000 and up, significantly more than most75-inch QLED TVs, and in larger sizes the difference is even more drastic.

What about OLED burn-in?

Burn-in happens when a persistent part of the image onscreen -- navigation buttons on a phone or a channel logo, news ticker or a scoreboard on a TV, for example -- remains as a ghostly background no matter what else appears onscreen. All OLED screens can burn-in, and from everything I know, they're more susceptible than LCD displays, including QLED.

All things considered, however, burn-in shouldn't be a problem for most people. From all of the evidence we've seen, burn-in is typically caused by leaving a single, static image element, like a channel logo, onscreen for a very long time, repeatedly. That's an issue if you keep Fox News, ESPN or MSNBC onscreen for multiple hours every day and don't watch enough other programming, for example. But as long as you vary what's displayed, chances are you'll never experience burn-in.

Check outOLED screen burn-in: What you need to knowfor more.

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Electroluminescent quantum dot prototypes, which could pave the way for direct-view quantum dot TVs.

QDVision

Which is better in 2021 and beyond, QLED or OLED TVs?

As I mentioned above, when I pitted the best 2021 OLED against the best 2021 QLED, OLED still won -- just like it has in previous years.

What about the future?Samsung is actually working on an OLED TV自己的(again), investing $11.1 billion in new facilities to create "QD display" tech that's basically OLED with a different name -- and quantum dots, natch. Rumors pin 2022 as the earliest customers could buy one.

Separately, and further down the road, Samsung is researchingdirect-view quantum dot, which dispenses with the liquid crystal layers and uses quantum dots themselves as the light source. Emissive QLED TVs have the potential to match the absolute black levels and "infinite" contrast ratio of OLED, with better power efficiency, better color and more. That's pretty exciting, but it'll be a few years before we see emissive QLED TVs available for sale. Hopefully, by then they'll think up a new acronym (EQLEDs?).

And then there'sMicroLED. It's another emissive technology, once again spearheaded by Samsung, that's on sale nowto the super rich. As you might guess from the name, it uses millions of teeny-tiny LEDs as pixels. MicroLED has the potential for the same perfect black levels as OLED, with no danger of burn-in. It can deliver higher brightness than any current display technology, wide-gamut excellent color and doesn't suffer the viewing angle and uniformity issues of LCD. It's alsofriggin' huge. It doesn't involve quantum dots, at least not yet, but who knows what might happen when it comes to market. QDMLED, anyone?

For now, however, OLED rules the picture quality roost over QLED.

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